Revisions to Using scoped enums for bit flags in C++

Fix for warning for C++11: 'constexpr' non-static member function will not be implicitly 'const'.

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edit approved Mar 23, 2020 at 12:41

3
3

template<typename Enum, bool IsEnum = std::is_enum<Enum>::value>
class bitflag;

template<typename Enum>
class bitflag<Enum, true>
{
public:
  constexpr const static int number_of_bits = std::numeric_limits<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type>::digits;

  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() const { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

template<typename Enum, bool IsEnum = std::is_enum<Enum>::value>
class bitflag;

template<typename Enum>
class bitflag<Enum, true>
{
public:
  constexpr const static int number_of_bits = std::numeric_limits<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type>::digits;

  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

template<typename Enum, bool IsEnum = std::is_enum<Enum>::value>
class bitflag;

template<typename Enum>
class bitflag<Enum, true>
{
public:
  constexpr const static int number_of_bits = std::numeric_limits<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type>::digits;

  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() const { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

Correction: it is possible to fill in `number_of_bits` through C++11 features :)

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edit approved Aug 2, 2017 at 19:21

Pharap

594
3
13

template<typename Enum, bool IsEnum = std::size_t number_of_bitsis_enum<Enum>::value>
class =bitflag;

template<typename 32>Enum>
class bitflagbitflag<Enum, true>
{
public:
  constexpr const static int number_of_bits = std::numeric_limits<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type>::digits;

  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

Note~~Note the number_of_bits can unfortunately not be filled in by the compiler, as C++ doesn't have any way to do introspect the possible values of an enumeration.~~

Edit: Actually I stand corrected, it is possible to get the compiler fill number_of_bits can unfortunately not be filled in by the compiler, as C++ doesn't have any way to do introspect the possible values of an enumerationfor you.

Note this can handle (wildly inefficiently) a non-continuous enum value range. Let's just say it's not a good idea to use the above with an enum like this or madness will ensue:

template<typename Enum, std::size_t number_of_bits = 32>
class bitflag
{
public:
  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

Note the number_of_bits can unfortunately not be filled in by the compiler, as C++ doesn't have any way to do introspect the possible values of an enumeration. Note this can handle (wildly inefficiently) a non-continuous enum value range. Let's just say it's not a good idea to use the above with an enum like this or madness will ensue:

template<typename Enum, bool IsEnum = std::is_enum<Enum>::value>
class bitflag;

template<typename Enum>
class bitflag<Enum, true>
{
public:
  constexpr const static int number_of_bits = std::numeric_limits<typename std::underlying_type<Enum>::type>::digits;

  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

~~Note the number_of_bits can unfortunately not be filled in by the compiler, as C++ doesn't have any way to do introspect the possible values of an enumeration.~~

Edit: Actually I stand corrected, it is possible to get the compiler fill number_of_bits for you.

Note this can handle (wildly inefficiently) a non-continuous enum value range. Let's just say it's not a good idea to use the above with an enum like this or madness will ensue:

Source Link

answered Dec 19, 2016 at 23:31

rubenvb

590
6
16

You can define type-safe enum flags in C++11 by using std::enable_if. This is a rudimentary implementation that may be missing some things:

template<typename Enum, std::size_t number_of_bits = 32>
class bitflag
{
public:
  constexpr bitflag() = default;
  constexpr bitflag(Enum value) : bits(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)) {}
  constexpr bitflag(const bitflag& other) : bits(other.bits) {}

  constexpr bitflag operator|(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator&(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator^(Enum value) const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return result; }
  constexpr bitflag operator~() const { bitflag result = *this; result.bits.flip(); return result; }

  constexpr bitflag& operator|=(Enum value) { bits |= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator&=(Enum value) { bits &= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }
  constexpr bitflag& operator^=(Enum value) { bits ^= 1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value); return *this; }

  constexpr bool any() const { return bits.any(); }
  constexpr bool all() const { return bits.all(); }
  constexpr bool none() const { return bits.none(); }
  constexpr operator bool() { return any(); }

  constexpr bool test(Enum value) const { return bits.test(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void set(Enum value) { bits.set(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }
  constexpr void unset(Enum value) { bits.reset(1 << static_cast<std::size_t>(value)); }

private:
  std::bitset<number_of_bits> bits;
};

template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator|(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) | right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator&(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) & right;
}
template<typename Enum>
constexpr typename std::enable_if_t<std::is_enum<Enum>::value, bitflag<Enum>>::type operator^(Enum left, Enum right)
{
  return bitflag<Enum>(left) ^ right;
}

Note the number_of_bits can unfortunately not be filled in by the compiler, as C++ doesn't have any way to do introspect the possible values of an enumeration. Note this can handle (wildly inefficiently) a non-continuous enum value range. Let's just say it's not a good idea to use the above with an enum like this or madness will ensue:

enum class wild_range { start = 0, end = 999999999 };

But all things considered this is a quite usable solution in the end. Doesn't need any user-side bitfiddling, is type-safe and within its bounds, as efficient as it gets (I'm leaning strongly on std::bitset implementation quality here ;)).

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