I have some questions about spring's initialization in different environment.

1. In web container context, such as tomcat.

I knew that spring can be initialized by declaring

org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener in <listener-class> field.

It will be initialized automatically when tomcat is started. (I think this is right :-） )

2. In JUnit context

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:appContext.xml")

annotations can be used to initialize the Spring context.

Under these two cases, we can use such as

@Autowired 
private ServiceDao serviceDao;

to use the serviceDao, and we almost never used the ApplicationContext.getBean() method.

3. In a common J2SE environment

Should I must initialize the spring context manually,

ApplicationContext appContext = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(xx.xml)

and then use appContext.getBean(XX) to get the bean?

in this case, can @Autowired be used?

How to do this?

I have some questions about spring's initialization in different environment.

1. In web container context, such as tomcat.

I knew that spring can be initialized by declaring

org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener in <listener-class> field.

It will be initialized automatically when tomcat is started. (I think this is right :-） )

2. In JUnit context

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("classpath:appContext.xml")

annotations can be used to initialize the Spring context.

Under these two cases, we can use such as

@Autowired 
private ServiceDao serviceDao;

to use the serviceDao, and we almost never used the ApplicationContext.getBean() method.

3. In a common J2SE environment

Should I must initialize the spring context manually,

ApplicationContext appContext = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(xx.xml)

and then use appContext.getBean(XX) to get the bean?

in this case, can @Autowired be used?

How to do this?

Updated: I try the spring-boot, I think the variable can be autowired, because the class is annotated with @Component， and with the @ComponentScan in main class, the variable can be autowired.

But I used spring xml before, and I have some injection like this, I don't know how to autowire the variable.

<bean id="XXXMap" class="com.xx">
     <property name="handlerMap">
        <map>
            <entry key="XXX" value="YYY"/>
        </map>
    </property>
</bean>

use the @component, I believe XXXMap can be autowired, but how the map is initialized?