Indent your code with a PEP8-compliant IDE or linter; it's a perfect mess right now.
Move your global code into functions and maybe classes. There are two good use cases for classes here - one for a GUI and one for an audio processor.
offset must not be a StringVar, but instead an IntVar - among other reasons this will obviate the cast in int(offset.get()). Do not leave it nameless and do not leave it orphaned; its parent needs to be the root object.
Move your import of bilinear up to join your other imports.
Your imports should avoid import *; that makes a vast swamp out of the global namespace and it doesn't need to be like that. Traditionally numpy is aliased to np.
Consider writing a context manager to close off your audio stream.
numpy.absolute(a)**2 is just a**2, right?
Delete update_max_if_new_is_larger_than_max. This is just a call to the built-in max().
Rather than
if new_decibel>85:
led.to_red(on=True)
else:
led.to_red(on=False)
just move the boolean expression to the argument of a single call and delete the if.
Add PEP484 typehints.
Convert your lists in A_weighting into immutable tuples.
Listen to the warnings being told to you: your use of np.fromstring needs to be replaced with np.frombuffer.
str(int(float(str(max_decibel)))) is just... majestic. Use a formatting string instead.
As @Seb comments, 44300 should almost certainly be 44100.
polymul is deprecated. Use Polynomial instead.
An equivalent to rms_flat is the more integrated and maybe faster
np.linalg.norm(a) / np.sqrt(len(a))
which, based on the linalg source, further reduces to a self-dot-product:
np.sqrt(a.dot(a) / len(a))
Suggested
import tkinter as tk
import numpy as np
import pyaudio
import tk_tools
from numpy.polynomial import Polynomial
from scipy.signal import bilinear, lfilter
CHUNKS = [4096, 9600]
CHUNK = CHUNKS[1]
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNEL = 1
RATES = [44100, 48000]
RATE = RATES[1]
def A_weighting(fs: float) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
f1 = 20.598997
f2 = 107.65265
f3 = 737.86223
f4 = 12194.217
a1000 = 1.9997
nums = Polynomial(((2*np.pi * f4)**2 * 10**(a1000 / 20), 0,0,0,0))
dens = (
Polynomial((1, 4*np.pi * f4, (2*np.pi * f4)**2)) *
Polynomial((1, 4*np.pi * f1, (2*np.pi * f1)**2)) *
Polynomial((1, 2*np.pi * f3)) *
Polynomial((1, 2*np.pi * f2))
)
return bilinear(nums.coef, dens.coef, fs)
def rms_flat(a: np.ndarray) -> float:
return np.sqrt(a.dot(a) / len(a))
class Meter:
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.pa = pyaudio.PyAudio()
self.stream = self.pa.open(
format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNEL,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK,
)
self.numerator, self.denominator = A_weighting(RATE)
self.max_decibel = 0
def __enter__(self) -> 'Meter':
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb) -> None:
self.stream.stop_stream()
self.stream.close()
self.pa.terminate()
def listen(self, offset: int) -> float:
block = self.stream.read(CHUNK)
decoded_block = np.frombuffer(block, dtype=np.int16)
y = lfilter(self.numerator, self.denominator, decoded_block)
new_decibel = 20*np.log10(rms_flat(y)) + offset
self.max_decibel = max(self.max_decibel, new_decibel)
return new_decibel
class GUI:
def __init__(self, meter: Meter) -> None:
self.meter = meter
self.root = root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Decibel Meter')
root.grid()
root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.close)
self.app_closed = False
self.gaugedb = tk_tools.RotaryScale(root, max_value=120, unit=' dBA')
self.gaugedb.grid(column=1, row=1)
self.led = tk_tools.Led(root, size=50)
self.led.grid(column=3, row=1)
self.led.to_red(on=False)
tk.Label(root, text='Too Loud').grid(column=3, row=0)
tk.Label(root, text='Max').grid(column=2, row=0)
tk.Label(root, text='Calibration (dB)').grid(column=4, row=0)
self.maxdb_display = tk_tools.SevenSegmentDigits(root, digits=3, digit_color='#00ff00', background='black')
self.maxdb_display.grid(column=2, row=1)
self.offset = tk.IntVar(root, value=0, name='offset')
spinbox = tk.Spinbox(root, from_=-20, to=20, textvariable=self.offset, state='readonly')
spinbox.grid(column=4, row=1)
def close(self) -> None:
self.app_closed = True
def run(self) -> None:
while not self.app_closed:
new_decibel = self.meter.listen(self.offset.get())
self.update(new_decibel, self.meter.max_decibel)
self.root.update()
def update(self, new_decibel: float, max_decibel: float) -> None:
self.gaugedb.set_value(np.around(new_decibel, 1))
self.maxdb_display.set_value(f'{max_decibel:.1f}')
self.led.to_red(on=new_decibel > 85)
def main() -> None:
with Meter() as meter:
gui = GUI(meter)
gui.run()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
Output
Layout
Your layout needs a little love. Since the gauge text is at the bottom, why not put all labels at the bottom? Add some padding for legibility's sake, and add some resize sanity. Unfortunately, in addition to missing variable support, tk_tools widgets seem to have a broken layout behaviour because they ignore sticky resize requests; but oh well:
import tkinter as tk
import numpy as np
import pyaudio
import tk_tools
from numpy.polynomial import Polynomial
from scipy.signal import bilinear, lfilter
CHUNKS = [4096, 9600]
CHUNK = CHUNKS[1]
FORMAT = pyaudio.paInt16
CHANNEL = 1
RATES = [44100, 48000]
RATE = RATES[1]
def A_weighting(fs: float) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
f1 = 20.598997
f2 = 107.65265
f3 = 737.86223
f4 = 12194.217
a1000 = 1.9997
nums = Polynomial(((2*np.pi * f4)**2 * 10**(a1000 / 20), 0,0,0,0))
dens = (
Polynomial((1, 4*np.pi * f4, (2*np.pi * f4)**2)) *
Polynomial((1, 4*np.pi * f1, (2*np.pi * f1)**2)) *
Polynomial((1, 2*np.pi * f3)) *
Polynomial((1, 2*np.pi * f2))
)
return bilinear(nums.coef, dens.coef, fs)
def rms_flat(a: np.ndarray) -> float:
return np.sqrt(a.dot(a) / len(a))
class Meter:
def __init__(self) -> None:
self.pa = pyaudio.PyAudio()
self.stream = self.pa.open(
format=FORMAT,
channels=CHANNEL,
rate=RATE,
input=True,
frames_per_buffer=CHUNK,
)
self.numerator, self.denominator = A_weighting(RATE)
self.max_decibel = 0
def __enter__(self) -> 'Meter':
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb) -> None:
self.stream.stop_stream()
self.stream.close()
self.pa.terminate()
def listen(self, offset: int) -> float:
block = self.stream.read(CHUNK)
decoded_block = np.frombuffer(block, dtype=np.int16)
y = lfilter(self.numerator, self.denominator, decoded_block)
new_decibel = 20*np.log10(rms_flat(y)) + offset
self.max_decibel = max(self.max_decibel, new_decibel)
return new_decibel
class GUI:
def __init__(self, meter: Meter) -> None:
self.meter = meter
self.root = root = tk.Tk()
root.title('Decibel Meter')
root.grid()
root.grid_rowconfigure(index=0, weight=1)
root.grid_rowconfigure(index=1, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(index=0, weight=1)
root.grid_columnconfigure(index=3, weight=1)
root.protocol('WM_DELETE_WINDOW', self.close)
self.app_closed = False
self.gaugedb = tk_tools.RotaryScale(root, max_value=120, unit=' dBA')
# This control does not respect resizing via tk.NSEW.
self.gaugedb.grid(row=0, column=0, rowspan=2, sticky=tk.E)
self.maxdb_display = tk_tools.SevenSegmentDigits(root, digits=3, digit_color='#00ff00', background='black')
self.maxdb_display.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.S, padx=5)
tk.Label(root, text='Max').grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.N, padx=5)
self.led = tk_tools.Led(root, size=50)
self.led.to_red(on=False)
self.led.grid(row=0, column=2, sticky=tk.S, padx=5)
tk.Label(root, text='Too Loud').grid(row=1, column=2, sticky=tk.N, padx=5)
self.offset = tk.IntVar(root, value=0, name='offset')
spinbox = tk.Spinbox(root, from_=-20, to=20, textvariable=self.offset, state='readonly', width=12)
spinbox.grid(row=0, column=3, sticky=tk.SW, padx=5)
tk.Label(root, text='Calibration (dB)').grid(row=1, column=3, sticky=tk.NW, padx=5)
def close(self) -> None:
self.app_closed = True
def run(self) -> None:
while not self.app_closed:
new_decibel = self.meter.listen(self.offset.get())
self.update(new_decibel, self.meter.max_decibel)
self.root.update()
def update(self, new_decibel: float, max_decibel: float) -> None:
self.gaugedb.set_value(np.around(new_decibel, 1))
self.maxdb_display.set_value(f'{max_decibel:.1f}')
self.led.to_red(on=new_decibel > 85)
def main() -> None:
with Meter() as meter:
gui = GUI(meter)
gui.run()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
/help/on-topicguides first. \$\endgroup\$