Evaluating Asymptotic Complexity e.g. with gmp library, shows that rcgldr's algorithm, implementing efficient matrix powers with O(log(n)) mutlipications, has best performance among presented algorithms.
Below compared for n in range 0 .... 647028207
- Straight Iteration, n steps, takes O(n^1.60) time.
- "Golden Ratio", i.e. above called the "Binet's Formula" due to floating arithmetics takes O(n^1.25)emphasized textO(n^1.25) time
- rcgldr's algorithm with O(n^1.029) time.
The diagram shows evaluation time for Fn in seconds over n, both axis logarithmic with base 10,

